A Case Study Of Forced Migration

A Case Study Of Forced Migration The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) defines Forced migration (or displacement of people, another term that will be used in this paper), a global issue estimating one of every thirty-five persons in the world to be a migrant. At the end of 2008, there were some estimates putting 42 million forcibly displaced people worldwide. Only half of those individuals were receiving assistance and protection from the UNHCR. The number of people displaced within their country as a result of armed conflict is estimated at 26 million, and again half of them were protected or assisted by the UNHCR. Some 12 million stateless persons were identified worldwide, children represent 44 per cent of refugees and asylum seekers and women and girls representing 47 per cent.   [ 1 ]   According to Willis, the number of international migrants increased double with 190.6 million, Europe standing for the largest share of international migrants where people in the other European countriesâ€℠¢ movement within the European Union members States between 1970 and 2005   [ 2 ]   . 1.6 million Chinese immigrants in the United States made them the country’s fourth-largest immigrant group in 2008   [ 3 ]   . It says that 2000 Philippines leaves for overseas each day for the lack of employment according to a Philippine organisation   [ 4 ]   . There are also people forced to move as a result of policies and projects to enhance development, example being infrastructure projects such dams, parks, roads   [ 5 ]   . These above figures show the displacement is a direct result of war, conflict, natural disasters, poverty, and economic, political or social issues, compelling these individuals in response to flee for a better protected life somewhere else. To bear in mind, many of these people are not as successful and find themselves trapped in these circumstances for a long time if not ever. Under article 13 and 14 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR ) declare the rights of seeking and enjoying asylum. This is one of the earliest human rights instrument to develop establishing universal standards for the protection of persons. Following the UDHR and among other existing treaties and conventions within the international human rights system   [ 6 ]   , the 1951 Refugee Convention was adopted and together with its 1967 Protocol, the Convention was placed to recognise the entitlement, benefits and rights of refugees and asylum seekers in States. Other treaties and relevant conventions   [ 7 ]   , such the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) provides in article 2 that â€Å"Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the present Covenant without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth o r other status†. It is to say that the host countries, which have ratified the Convention, have duty to not only comply with the implementation of the respective provisions but also to take positive measures to ensure the protection of the refugees and asylum seekers. To comprehend what forced migration is, it is significant that one must first identify and understand the concept of migration, then recognise and examine who is a migrant and which group falls under which category of the term. According to the National Geographic, migration (human) is the movement of people from one place to another for the reason of taking up semi or permanent residence usually across a political border. People can either migrate voluntarily or involuntary be forced to migrate because of dissimilar reasons. A well acknowledged type of migration is the rural to urban movement, people on the move from rural area to the metropolis. However migration also takes place within countries, continents an d region. There are many different types of migration including internal and external migration, step and chain migration, return and seasonal migration. But the focus in this paper is dominantly on population transfer or forced migration, namely refugees and migrants. Forced migrants are usually people forced to leave their homes to seek better living standards, such employment and population transfer is another term used to define forced migration where a government drive a massive group of people out of the country based on ethnicity, religion or other political factors and causes   [ 8 ]   .

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi - Essay Example Venice at that time was the capital of the republic of Venice. The president of the union joined by his father, Giovanni Legrenzi, was maestro di cappella at the Basilica of San Marco and noted early Baroque composer. He was believed to have taught the young Antonio to compose. Scholar Walter Kolneder of Luxemburg figures that the liturgical work Laetatus sum ((RV Anh 31, written in 1691) written when he was just 13, showed influence of Legrenzi style. He began studying priesthood and in 1703, at the age of 25, he was an ordained Venetian priest and was nicknamed "Il Prete Roso" or The Red Priest but he did not practiced his vocation due to a sickness which is his tightening of chest, suspected as asthma. In 1704, he was given dispensation from celebrating the Holy Mass due to his illness and he withdrew from active priesthood in 1706. By December 1703, Vivaldi was appointed maestro de violino at the Ospedale della Pieta, one of Venetian girls' orphanage. At that time, the institution had four branches in Venice giving shelter and education to orphaned, abandoned or children from impoverished families as funded by the Republic. The boys were taught a trade before leaving at age 15 while the girls had musical education and the talented were retained to be members of the Ospedale's orchestra and choir. Ospedale under the ministration of Antonio Vivaldi began to gain appreciation even abroad as Vivaldi wrote most of the cantatas, concerto and sacred music. The position of teacher of viola all'inglese was also added on his duty as maestro de violini by 1704 and although he is already starting to prove his talent at that time, he was retained at the Pieta until 1709 only when the board dismissed him, for many perceived him a difficult man. He worked as a freelance musician for a year until the board recalled him in 1711 realising his potential. From then, Vivaldi was in his most productive years writing music or operas and concertos. His first collection of his works called Raccolta, a trio sonata was published in 1705 with his Opus 1 a collection of 12 sonatas for two violins and basso continuo in conventional style. His Opus 2 is a collection of 12 sonatas for violins and basso continuo and was published in 1709. L'Estro Armonico (Opus 3) his first collection of 12 concerti for one, two, and four violins with strings was published by Estienne Roger in Amsterdam in 1711. It became a success all over Europe as followed by another success La Stravaganza (Opus 4) in 1714 which is a collection of concerti for solo violin and strings. Musicians sought sought him out in Venice and commissioned works from him including for the Dresden court. Johann Sebastian Bach transcribed five Opus 3 concertos for keyboard and he influenced many German composers. Antonio and his father went to Brescia in 1917. His Stabat Mater (RV 621) was played as part of a religious festival and although the work was apparently done in haste, the forced essentiality of the music revealed musical and emotional depth that made it one of his masterpieces. He also started traveling in 1718 to promote his music and in even during his travels, he retained connection with the Pieta and wrote two concertos each month sending them by post. He also found time to rehearse

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 26

Summary - Essay Example Second, he states that in the 1990s, when children in Nepalese f vitamin-A deficiency outbreak, which can be lethal, and health specialists needed people to assist in distributing supplements, the countrys grandmothers, were recruited because it was known that they had both the time to distribute the supplements and the moral authority to ensure children took them. â€Å"In 2005, 48,000 grandmothers were giving-out vitamin A supplements to 3.5 million children nationwide.† Next, Kluger argues that there are several variables that explicate the â€Å"mom-as-health-czar† observable fact. First-and-foremost, it starts with evolution, however it doesnt end there. Females of almost all species spend a lot of energy and time producing young, compared to males and are therefore very much motivated to look after that investment. Finally, Kluger emphasizes that for women, what begins as special treatment to their own healthiness soon extends to the whole family. According to som e health specialists, one reason women may be more accustomed to health-care issues, is plainly that their biology offers them more reason to be. Women experience their years of childbearing and are advised to have habitual health checks. However, Kluger states that father’s involvement in matters of family health-care are supposed to not be minimized; they should also be involved in their families’ health-care; because â€Å"a present-and accounted-for family normally leads-to healthier

Genetic risk factors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Genetic risk factors - Essay Example On family history, his mother had a myocardial infarction due to high cholesterol value that lead to formation of atherosclerotic plaque on the coronary vessels occluding the lower cardiac muscle from getting oxygen. This necessitated a surgical procedure of coronary artery revascularization by using a bypass graft but died because of severe complication of dysrhythmias. Considering environmental factors, my father had a history of smoking. He takes one packet of cigarettes per day. He was constantly exposed to fumes on the road following his career as a driver and spending most of the time on the road. He does not perform aerobic exercise other than the natural work that he does. The food he takes is usually sugary with high cholesterol values. The recent test of the cholesterol value indicated that he had high values of low density lipoproteins (LDL) at 146 mg/dl, the high density lipoproteins (HDL) were at 30 mg/dl and triglycerides were at 156 mg/dl. According to Ondrus and Kanovsky (2013), coronary artery diseases disease is brought by formation of occlusion on coronary vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the cardiac muscles. It is a disease that runs down the families because it is genetic predisposition. Condition such as inactivity due to lack or inadequate exercise and taking high cholesterol foods especially the low density lipoprotein and triglycerides predisposes one to having the condition due to formation of atherosclerotic plaque (Velasco & Rojas, 2013). Smoking may precipitate the formation of the plaque (Kakouros & Kokkinos, 2014). This limits oxygenation of the cardiac muscles hence procedure such as coronary artery bypass grafts are needed. Boles (2013) age has also shown relationship of advancing of disease enhanced with inactivity or to long sitting such as drivers. This lead to stasis of blood hence embolism becomes

Will climate change destroy New York City How can it be managed ( Essay

Will climate change destroy New York City How can it be managed ( weather science) - Essay Example As noted by Russs, Sandy resulted in damages amounting to about $20 billion with 43 people confirmed dead and many more injured by the storm. The transport facilities in the city, including highways, subways, railways and airports, were shut down. The city was thrown into darkness as critical infrastructure, including wastewater treatment plants, hospitals and infrastructure, were incapacitated. Communication systems were also cut following the effects of the storm. Reports on Hurricane Sandy pointed out the increase in the intensity and frequency of hurricanes observed in the North Atlantic from the 1980s. The devastation caused by Sandy had been worsened by changing climatic factors. Partly to blame according to the New York City Panel on Climate Change, NPCC (4) was the rise in the sea level in the region around New York City which increased the magnitude and extent of coastal flooding during Hurricane Sandy. Therefore, New York City remains exposed to destructive effects of clima te change. Borrowing from the Special Initiative for Rebuilding and Resiliency, SIRR, report authored after the exposure of the vulnerability of New York City by Sandy, there exist genuine threats to the city. Among the notable threats, heat waves, intense precipitation and coastal flooding have been noted to be the most extreme (NPCC 12). Heading towards 2050s, heat waves could increase in frequency, duration and intensity. New York has for a long time been experiencing an average of 18 days per year with temperatures of 32oC or 90oF and above. The SIRR report observes that by 2010, New York could experience between 26 and 31 such days. This could rise to up to 57 days a year by the year 2050. With this change would be an additional average of 110 to 260 deaths per year related to heat waves. The number of days when rainfall exceeds 2 inches or 5 centimeters could increase from the current average of 2 days per year to five by 2020. Coastal flooding has been projected to

View of the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

View of the world - Essay Example minates new transformed understanding of people’s overcoming of human nature and becoming â€Å"overmans†, people who have new visionary capacities and perspectives concerning the world. The first stage of the world view is Plato’s philosophy. Plato claims that the true world is attainable here and now, but only for virtuous men. There is only one world. Supersensuous world is the true one and true things emerge in the world of ideas as far as there is a division between pure essence and appearance. This true world is attainable for temperate soul only. Temperance is the virtue of soul, so it must deny the sensuous things and desire supersensuous. If you have a temperate soul and desire to acquire the truth, you will see the true being of subjects and notice a non-sensuous world. If you have a wanton soul and desire bodily pleasure only, you will only see the â€Å"here† world and will only be present in the apparent world. Nietzsche claims that philosophy begins with the discipline of temperate soul to look. According to the text â€Å"The implication is that virtue consists in repudiation of the sensuous, since denial of the world that is closest to us, the sensuous world, is proper to the Being of beings†. Here the â€Å"true world† is not yet anything â€Å"Platonic,† that is, not something unattainable, merely desirable, and merely â€Å"ideal.† Plato himself is who he is by virtue of the fact that he unquestioningly and straightforwardly functions on the basis of the world of Ideas as the essence of Being. The supersensuous is the idea.† The ideas do not exist in this world according to Plato; they exist without color and shape. Thus, Plato is not nihilist. Second view on the world is not Plato’s, it is Platonism. It is also a Christian view. The relationship between true world and apparent world are broken. Essence and existence are separated into two different worlds. The true world is not attainable in this world. According to the text â€Å"The

Comparative Aanalysis of Dell And Apple Laptop Marketing Essay

Comparative Aanalysis of Dell And Apple Laptop Marketing - Essay Example Apple’s brand personality is about removing complexity from consumer lifestyle through technology and the humanistic governance structure of Apple as a consumer-centric brand. 2. Market review Apple is much more transparent and accountable for its failures and successes associated with tangible product as part of the marketing mix. Apple performs what is referred to as movement marketing, a new marketing model that is strongly customer-centric, using corporate values as a foundation of sharing with consumers and being able to tap into their pre-existing values and lifestyle beliefs. Apple embraces social media as one platform by which to perform this movement marketing, using this forum to enhance customer relationship management and also to consistently reiterate what Apple believes in rather than simply expressing to target consumers the tangible benefits of various laptop products. This is the genuine key to brand loyalty (Goodson 2011). Making use of social media, such as Twitter and Facebook, provides Apple with unique opportunities to illustrate its belief in establishing effective, long-term customer relationships in key target demographics. Having established brand loyalty founded on years of consumer-accepted innovation launches that revolutionized the computing experience and with strict focus on customer relationship management philosophy. This provides Apple significant advantages over competition as once brand loyalty is established, it allows companies to position the brand under a premium pricing model (Chaudhuri and Holbrook 2001). Loyal customers are more apt to spend higher resources on their favourite brands and will be more active... This paper stresses that using values and principles at the corporate level as a promotional tool is unique in this technology industry and continues to provide greater sales volumes and the ability to expand various Apple branded product lines to include new innovation or supplementary service offerings. The report makes a conclusion that Dell must accept its current market position as a value-conscious brand that is aligned with consumer expectations for quality and excellence in service and support as it cannot justify premiumisation at this time. Dell unfortunately must rely on costly promotional ventures in order to produce greater revenues, however these efforts continue to put Dell back on the proverbial competitive map as a brand that can adjust with consumer needs and changing market conditions. The author of the paper declares that Apple gains much market loyalty and positive brand sentiment in its key target markets by extolling genuine, heartfelt connections between business and consumer which leads to brand attachments and avoids the risk of brand defection in dedicated target markets. Dell is missing opportunities to add a humanistic element into the marketing mix that can be accomplished, at low cost, through social media outlets. Apple, on the other hand, can benefit f rom Dell’s customization strategy, offering similar customized offerings based on aesthetics. Apple is currently differentiated from lower-priced competitors such as Dell.